Kidney Donation FAQ

What are 10 signs that your kidneys aren't working properly?

Kidney issues often develop gradually, so early signs can be subtle. Common warning signs include:

  1. Fatigue
  2. Swelling in feet or ankles
  3. Shortness of breath
  4. Nausea or vomiting
  5. Persistent itching
  6. Changes in urination (frequency or appearance)
  7. Difficulty concentrating
  8. Loss of appetite
  9. Trouble sleeping
  10. High blood pressure that’s hard to control

You can learn more from the Mayo Clinic.

Managing underlying conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes is crucial. Other steps include reducing salt intake, avoiding NSAIDs, quitting smoking, staying hydrated, and following a kidney-friendly diet. Read about evidence-based approaches from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK).

Most kidney donors and recipients begin resuming light activities within a few weeks, though full recovery can take 6–8 weeks. For recipients, it may take time to stabilize medications and kidney function. The Cleveland Clinic provides a detailed timeline.

There is no fixed limit. Some people remain on dialysis for years, even decades, depending on their overall health and whether they eventually receive a transplant. Learn more about dialysis outcomes and options from the NIH MedlinePlus.

Living kidney donation is generally safe, but it is still a major surgery. Risks include pain, infection, hernia, and in rare cases, reduced kidney function later in life. Read a full list of possible complications from the National Kidney Foundation.

Some kidney damage – such as acute kidney injury – can be reversed if treated early. However, chronic kidney disease (CKD) usually cannot be reversed, though its progression can often be slowed. The Texas Kidney Institute breaks this down clearly.

Wait times vary widely based on factors like blood type, age, and location, but on average, it can range from 3 to 5 years in the U.S. Explore national averages and contributing factors in this article from JAMA.

As of recent data, more than 90,000 people in the United States are on the waiting list for a kidney transplant – making it the most in-demand organ. You can explore up-to-date statistics from Statista or the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients.